[email protected] Elektroprenos lektroprijenos BiH” a.d. Banja Luka, 88000 Mostar, GYKI 52466 In Vivo Bosnia and Herzegovina; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]: Lorincz, J.; Ramljak, I.; Begusi, D. Functionality Analyses of c Power Detection Based on Square-Law Combining in MIMO-OFDM Cognitive Radio Networks. Sensors 2021, 21, 7678. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227678 Academic Editors: Miroslav Voznak, Carlos Tavares Calafate, Peppino Fazio and Miralem Mehic Received: six October 2021 Accepted: 12 November 2021 Published: 18 NovemberAbstract: Cognitive radio (CR) technology has the possible to detect and share the unutilized spectrum by enabling dynamic spectrum access. To detect the principal users’ (PUs) activity, power detection (ED) is extensively exploited due to its applicability with regards to sensing a large range of PU signals, low computation complexity, and implementation expenses. As orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission has been proven to possess a high resistance to interference, the ED of OFDM signals has turn into a vital regional spectrum-sensing (SS) concept in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). In combination with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions, MIMO-OFDM-based transmissions have started to become a extensively accepted air interface, which guarantees a important improvement in spectral efficiency. Taking into account the future huge implementation of MIMO-OFDM systems in the fifth and sixth generation of mobile networks, this work introduces a mathematical formulation of expressions that allow the analysis of ED performance based around the square-law combining (SLC) method in MIMO-OFDM systems. The analysis of the ED functionality was carried out by way of simulations performed working with the developed algorithms that allow the performance evaluation of the ED method based on the SLC in the MIMO-OFDM systems possessing a distinct variety of transmit (Tx) and obtain (Rx) communication branches. The effect on the distinct variables like the PU Tx power, the false alarm probability, the number of Tx and Rx MIMO branches, the amount of samples within the ED approach, and also the different modulation approaches around the ED overall performance in environments with unique levels of signal-to-noise ratios are presented. A extensive evaluation with the obtained outcomes indicated how the proper choice of the analyzed variables might be used to enhance the ED overall performance of MIMO-OFDM-based CRNs. Keyword phrases: energy detection; spectrum sensing; cognitive radio networks; OFDM; MIMO; SLC; detection; false alarm; probability; SNR; transmit; receive; wireless; antennas; modulation; powerPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction Because of the enormous enlargement within the quantity of new applications plus the constant demand for faster information rates in contemporary Guretolimod Epigenetic Reader Domain wireless communication systems, the radio frequency (RF) spectrum has come to be crowded. To get a huge a part of the readily available spectrum, regulatory bodies have already granted licenses for exclusive spectral use. This tends to make the development and expansion of new services in wireless networks difficult. Preceding analyses indicated that the lack of flexibility in the spectrum access represents a considerable trouble considering that many licensed spectrum portions usually are not correctly employed. This lack of RF spectrum in wireless communication has prompted the improvement of a new generation of devices tha.