Ing solutions. Nevertheless, this specific case study had additional challenges: its
Ing methods. Even so, this certain case study had further challenges: its three-dimensionality, the fragility from the original supplies, the complex layering as well as the irregular morphology of the surfaces complex the cleaning course of action, and also the chromatic similarity involving the non-homogeneous dirt layer and the underlying brown pigment layer under needed an a lot more careful monitoring of the cleaning operations. The application of PU sponges on mockups allowed for the virtually total removal of soil, but in the expense of your integrity from the original paint layer. In reality, numerous pigment grains had been removed for the surface together together with the dirt layer. The most effective final results in terms of cleaning effectiveness and non-invasiveness to the original surfaces happen to be obtained by a gentle action working with PU sponges followed by the application of very retentive polyvinyl alcohol-based gels, namely PG6 and PG5 gums. The preliminary application of PU sponges allowed for the partially removal of the soil without altering the original surface, while the gels permitted a gradual and controlled action at the interface without the need of removing pigments’ grains. Following the promising results obtained on mockups, the ancient Egyptian statuette was cleaned successfully and safely. To summarize, due to this study, we had the possibility of collecting new insights in regards to the chemical composition from the artefact, which can be fundamental for archaeologists and art historians. Additionally, it was demonstrated that, when confined in extremely retentive gels, water-based systems can be safely utilised for the cleaning of hydrophilic surfaces. Future viewpoint might involve more testing of these flexible and elastic hydrogels on other artistic surfaces that are extremely reactive to C2 Ceramide Biological Activity aqueous-based remedies, with the aim of expanding the palette of Bomedemstat Histone Demethylase available tools for conservators functioning on fragile, sensitive and delicate performs of art, improving the outcomes which can obtained using the sole classic dry-cleaning methodologies.Supplementary Supplies: The following are readily available on-line at https://www.mdpi.com/article/ 10.3390/coatings11111335/s1, Figure S1: SEM-EDX maps from the main elements within the sample A. The first image in gray scale could be the SEM-BSE image, Figure S2: Elemental analysis (weight ) by signifies of SEM-EDX of 3 representative blue grains. The blue squares will be the regions of analysis. On leading appropriate are shown the optical photos of your grains, Figure S3: Elemental analysis (weight ) by suggests of SEM-EDX of a representative green grain. The green squares would be the regions of analysis. Within the center is shown the optical photos of the grain, Figure S4: Semi-quantitative elemental evaluation by implies of PIXE of distinct green (best) and white preparation (bottom) layers, Figure S5: FT-IR analysis carried out on a sample from the white belt has shown the presence of huntite. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, N.M., P.B. (Paola Buscaglia) along with a.L.G.; methodology, P.B. (Paola Buscaglia) and a.L.G.; investigation, A.B., A.R., D.S., L.G., M.N., N.M., G.P. and P.B. (Piero Baglioni); data curation, P.B. (Paola Buscaglia), A.B., A.L.G., D.S., L.G., M.N., N.M.; supervision, M.B., P.G., S.A., P.B. (Paola Buscaglia) and also a.L.G.; writing–original draft preparation, N.M., A.B., A.L.G., D.S., and P.B. (Paola Buscaglia); writing–review and editing, A.L.G., G.P., P.B. (Piero Baglioni) and P.B. (Paola Buscaglia); visualization, P.B. (Paola Buscaglia) along with a.L.G. All authors have read along with a.