Dry weight, root length, and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, and S) uptake. Root length had a sturdy positive correlation with plant fresh weight, leaf location, and nutrient (K and P) uptake. Fresh fresh weight, leaf location, and nutrient (K and P) uptake. Fresh positive correlation with plant weight had aasignificantlypositive correlation with nutrient (N, P,(N,and K and S) uptake, and weight had considerably positive correlation with nutrient K P, S) uptake, and dry dry weight was drastically correlated with all nutrient absorption, specially with N weight was substantially correlated with all nutrient absorption, specially with N uptake uptake (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: 0.849). (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: 0.849).Figure three. Correlations among plant growth parameters and plant nutrient uptake. Pearson’s correlation coefficients are are Figure 3. Correlations among plant development parameters and plant nutrient uptake. Pearson’s correlation coefficients presented. “” “” denotesp0.05 and “” denotes pp0.01. presented. denotes p 0.05 and “” denotes 0.01.3.four. Nutrient Use Efficiency below Unique Flow Prices 3.four. Nutrient Use Efficiency under Distinctive Flow RatesThe nutrient use efficiency beneath diverse substrate flow prices is shown in Figure four. Figure 4a shows that with an improved flow price from 2 to four L/min, the nitrogen useAgronomy 2021, 11,use efficiency (KUE) decreased by 22.0 , when further intensification from the flow price to 6 L/min and 8 L/min resulted in increases in KUE by 17.1 and 36.six , respectively. With an elevated flow price from 2 to 4 L/min, the calcium use efficiency (CaUE) enhanced by 45.two (Figure 4d), when with an improved flow price from four to 6 L/min, CaUE decreased by 27.six . Further growing the flow rate from 6 to eight L/min induced the CaUE 7 of 11 to raise by 76.7 . As may be seen from Figure 4f, with an elevated flow price from two to 4 L/min, the sulfur use efficiency (SUE) elevated by 9.two and further escalating the flow rate to 6 efficiency (NUE) decreased in three.five , though Delphinidin 3-glucoside Autophagy together with the SUE values were L/min at all flow L/min resulted within a reduce by the SUE by eight.5 .a rise from four to six related and from 6 to except for any NUE elevated by 19.three and 26.0 , rates 8 L/min, thesignificant 54 raise at eight L/min. respectively.(a)(b)Agronomy 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW8 of(c)(d)(e)(f)Figure 4. Nutrient use efficiency beneath distinctive flow rates (values are calculated by dry weight/nutrient uptake of aa entire Figure four. Nutrient use efficiency under unique flow prices (values are calculated by dry weight/nutrient uptake of whole plant). (a) Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE); (b)(b) phosphorus efficiency (PUE); (c) potassium use efficiency (KUE); (d) calcium plant). (a) Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE); phosphorus use use efficiency (PUE); (c) potassium use efficiency (KUE); (d) calcium use efficiency (CaUE); (e) magnesium use efficiency(f) sulfur use efficiency (SUE). There had been substantial differences (MgUE); (f) sulfur use efficiency (SUE). There had been important use efficiency (CaUE); (e) magnesium use efficiency (MgUE); variations inside the bars marked with various letters (p 0.05). Information are expressed as means typical error (n = 4). in the bars marked with diverse letters (p 0.05). Data are expressed as implies Squarunkin A Src regular error (n = 4).four. Discussion Root extension, mass flow, and diffusion will be the main types of plant nutrients in soil moving to the root surface [19]. In contrast to soil, the culture substrate (nutrie.